Rings Around Planets

The rings around Saturn have been well known for a long time. Rings likely form around planets due to an interaction between the magnetic field of a planet, that planet's gravity and the planetary spin. Dust and other particles will be kicked around the far reaches of a planet's gravitational influence and not immediately fall to the planet.

The magnetic field of a planet shows that electrons are spinning around the planet and exhibiting a curl in a plane that slices the planet in half along the equator. The spins at the poles will be wonky going from in a plane with the equator to tilted at pi over eight radians from the planet's axis.

As the rings of net current approach the equator the rings flatten out. At the equator the rings are flat and the flux of the flow of electrons is said to curl. In vector calculus the curl does not refer to a simple circular motion. There can be many circular spins on a plane, overlapping circular curls and nested spins. Curl is a measurable quantity and at the equator the curl is in a plane with the rings of a planet.

Inside a ring of current it is likely that positive particles would find themselves. The spinning electrons would have a certain angular momentum but would attract net positive ions or slightly positive atoms and molecules.

These particles, as well as the electrons, have a high root mean squared speed. The bob and buck to some degree in a Brownian manner. Far from the equator the current curls are tilted and it is likely that the particles would be bucked into the gravitational pull of the planet to rain down towards its center.That or the particles would just speed past the equator in a non-geosynchronous orbit.

At the equator of a planet it is likely to have electrons orbiting int a more organized manner. The electrons are going to eddy and curl in the presence of matter and we will find the ring effect around certain planets.