What can we say about the observation of particles in large numbers. It is easy to observe a vortex or a tendency to spin. When a large number of particles sheer past each other there is a tendency to spin towards a vortex.
Positively charged is an interesting way of looking at a population of particles. Conversely negatively charged particles implies particles with an abundance of electrons that are moving at a high rate of speed around the larger particles. Did earlier scientists simply mistake differing speeds of particles with the concept of positive and negative charge.
The speed of a large number of particles are often observed to be much slower than the sum of the instantaneous speeds measured. The root mean squared speed of a gas is far faster than the observed speed which may be zero. The root mean squared speed of electrons in a conductor is very fast. Further, electron accelerations due to the electromotive force is fast as well. The real drift velocity of a group of electrons in a conductor is altogether slow.
The terminal velocity of a mass is inevitably linked to a group velocity of the particles. So an accelerated mass is slowed by a building pressure will terminate in a velocity. Likewise a group of electrons accelerated by an electromotive force will collide with the lattice of a conductor and develop a group velocity or drift velocity.
Accelerating large numbers of particles often results in a group velocity.
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